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Here’s the answer – sleep

Thursday, July 8th, 2010

Well, here it is. The silver bullet to increasing student achievement at the high school level: more sleep for students.

In a study at a Rhode Island High School, researchers found that delaying the start of high school by 30 minutes for students showed significant improvements in measures of adolescent alertness, mood, and health. The study in the Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine supports other research that has reached similar conclusions: push back the start of high schools.

My high school starts at 7:15 a.m. I can tell you that over the years my first block has had fewer discipline issues but has traditionally performed at a lower level than my blocks starting later in the day. The Rhode Island study supports my anecdotal observation (at least in the area of student alertness). So why is this empirical research being ignored?

I’ve found that the reasons for not pushing back starting times come from two areas: busing and sports. Most districts use the same buses to transport elementary, middle school, and high school students. If you stagger the starts of K-5, 6-8, and the high schools, you don’t need as many buses. You could flip the start times and have elementary schools start first and high schools start last, but nobody wants a seven-year old waiting for a bus in the dark of winter mornings.

By far the most difficult barrier to later high school start times is extra-curricular activities and, in particular, sports. There is, in suburban schools especially, a heavy amount of pressure to have strong sports programs in high schools. Fall sport coaches (football) complain that they lose daytime light if they have to start practices after 4 pm. To be fair, these coaches are only responding to the extreme amount of pressure by the school community to produce winning sports programs.

The Rhode Island school did not lose practice times for their sports teams because they actually decreased the school bell schedule. I’d argue that this is not the best approach to the problem, but at least they looked for ways to find more sleep time for their students. The R.I. school encountered resistance to the changes from parents and teachers, but after they saw the difference for students, they changed their positions.

So, here it is. A way to increase students alertness (the R.I. school also saw an increase in students attendance which we know is an issue in urban schools), the mood of students (decrease in discipline issues), and health. Let’s get creative and find ways to implement late start times without increasing transportation costs. Let’s get over the presumptive importance of winning sports programs and start high schools later so students can get more sleep. Anyone want to wager that my pleas go ignored?

Popularity: 13% [?]

Which path to reform is best?

Wednesday, June 30th, 2010

I have written before about how teachers need to move from viewing themselves, and operating as, independent contractors who share a common parking lot into a collaborative team of educators who collectively approach the challenges of teaching.

The research is clear about this: it works. Rick DuFour has advocated for professional learning communities for many years now, and he writes a blog about their use.

In his most recent post, he writes about three competing approaches to school reform.

The first approach is made by those who feel that teachers are doing the best they can and schools do not need to make any changes. Instead, changes need to come from outside of the school. Society needs to end poverty, parents need to be more involved, and so on.

The second approach to school reform is that educators know what they need to do but they need to be incentivized to make changes. Therefore, conditions need to be created to motivate teachers – pay for performance, punitive actions for schools that don’t hit performance standards, etc.

The third approach embraces the notion that teachers work hard but they cannot be successful as individuals – they need to work collaboratively to locate successful strategies and to establish positive school cultures.

DuFour summarizes his three positions:

The first approach contends educators have no responsibility for either the current state of public education or the effort to improve it.

The second approach views educators as the cause of the problems in education and sets out to coerce and cajole them into better performance.

The third approach assumes that educators are working hard and doing the best they can in the flawed systems in which they work. However, if that system is to be improved, educators themselves will play the major role in doing so.

The first two approaches are, in my view, the easiest to implement. Blame society – this tends to be a teacher response – or blame the teachers. The third and the hardest to implement has the best chance, in my view, of making the most significant changes in education reform. The general public may view the collaborative approach as too abstract. Teachers view collaboration as infringing on their autonomy and moving teaching from art to science.

Perhaps this is why education reform tends to obsess on the first two approaches. The recent debate over Senate Bill 10-191 is a great example. The third approach will take the concerted efforts of teachers along with the support of society in general. Not an easy task.

Popularity: 19% [?]

“Spectacular grandmother” gives hope to new teacher

Tuesday, June 29th, 2010

Editor’s note: Nate Reaven is one of four rookie teachers contributing to the “North to South Education” blog. Reaven is a graduate of CU-Boulder, and a former Education News Colorado intern.

Leading up to our first day of school, we were instructed to call the parents of our students. We will be calling these parents every week, but these were the first phone calls of the summer.

These were reminder phone calls to both the inexperienced parents with students coming for the first time to the program, and the grizzled veterans – the parents of students with multiple years under their belt.

Because I’m teaching the rising ninth-graders, the oldest students, nearly all of the parents I talked to were occupants of the second category – grizzled veteran.

We were instructed to remind these academically-minded parents about what time to arrive, where to pick up their bus, what they needed to bring – logistics. These phone calls were going fine – until I met Julie, the grandmother of one of my students, Elizabeth.

Julie was fantastic. She was clearly aware and interested in her granddaughter’s experience over the summer. But more than that, Julie was interested in her future. Her daughter is smart, she is just not very good at English – she’s a slow reader, she told me.

Elizabeth was just accepted into the International Baccalaureate program, she tells me, and is quite excited about the math program there. She wants to know what strategies I have to help her learn how to read faster and with more understanding, and I tell her that I’ll try to do my best.

After reading Garrett’s post about calling to sell students on learning – on enriching their lives, I realized how much of a pleasure it was to find a grandmother in, let’s be clear, a difficult situation. The students in this program are only allowed in if they meet certain criteria. Specifically, low socio-economic status, usually a person of color, and someone who has been underserved by their public school options. The students, however, are usually motivated, excited, and ready to learn.

Garrett is forced to convince his students to learn. I am forced to teach Romeo and Juliet to kids who want to learn about Shakespeare, but to the same demographic of students. Garrett walked into an empty classroom, while my fellow teachers and I ran up to every student as they arrived and cheered as they exited the bus. We were creating a culture of excitement around learning.

I do not know what to do about this. I suppose keep doing what I am doing, right? Teaching. Learning. Teaching.

I do know one thing though. I am glad for that conversation I had with Julie, the spectacular grandmother. She gave me hope.

Popularity: 8% [?]

DPS students walk out to protest Arizona law

Friday, April 30th, 2010


A large and boisterous group of Denver high school students and other demonstrators marched to the State Capitol Friday to protest Arizona’s harsh new immigration law. The protest, organized by Padres y Jovenes Unidos, came a day after DPS announced a ban on all district-sponsored travel to Arizona.

Popularity: 13% [?]

Help DSST land Obama

Monday, April 26th, 2010

OK, so you may be pro-charter or anti-charter, pro-Obama or anti-Obama. But you’ve got to admit it would be pretty cool for the Denver School of Science and Technology to win the commencement competition and have the President show up to address graduating seniors and their families. Here’s a message from DSST CEO Bill Kurtz about how you can help:

Dear Friends—

WE NEED YOUR HELP to bring President Obama to Colorado to speak at Denver School of Science and Technology’s graduation! Please help DSST win the White House Commencement Challenge by voting here:   http://www.whitehouse.gov/commencement <http://www.whitehouse.gov/commencement> .

Your participation matters! At the website, you’ll be asked to rate each school on a scale of 1-5 (5 is the best). Schools will be presented in random order. We hope you give DSST a 5! The three schools with the highest average ratings relative to the other schools move to the next level. The President will make the final selection from these 3 schools and will visit that high school later this spring.

Voting began this morning at 8AM EDT (6AM MDT) and lasts until Thursday, April 29 at 11:59PM EDT. Please vote now! The White House will announce the winner on May 4.

Please vote and pass along this e-mail to your whole network of friends on e-mail, Facebook, MySpace, Linkedin and other social networking sites. Help us go viral by encouraging everyone you know to vote and pass it along to their networks! Here’s our Facebook address: http://www.facebook.com/pages/DSST-Public-Schools/110651475641159.

This is a great opportunity to highlight for the entire country the innovative and passionate work being done in Colorado to improve education and help our kids be successful in college thus becoming the future leaders of our state and nation.

Popularity: 10% [?]

Paying kids for attendance, test performance flops in NYC

Wednesday, March 31st, 2010

New York City is discontinuing a $40 million, privately-funded program it launched as a pilot three years ago to pay low-income families for good behavior. One feature of the program was paying kids for good school  attendance and passing  high school Regents exams.

This has always struck me as bizarre, backwards and bordering on bribery. It didn’t seem likely to change school behavior in important or permanent ways. So it’s good to hear the program is ending without any expenditure of public funds.

I wrote about similar experiments a few years ago. Others took issue with my position.

Popularity: 15% [?]

Lawmakers, can you lend a hand?

Thursday, March 18th, 2010

I am re-reading Richard Kahlenberg’s 2007 book about Albert Shanker, Tough Liberal: Albert Shanker and the Battle Over Schools, Unions, Race, and Democracy. It’s a fascinating read about one of the most influential educators and union leaders of our time.

Shanker

Shanker recognized that teachers needed to move beyond action on collective bargaining because it made teachers look as though “we are acting only in our own self-interest, wanting better salaries and smaller class sizes so our lives can be made easier. That image is standing in the way of our achieving professional status, for not only must we act on behalf of our clients, we must be perceived as acting that way.”

In other words, “take a step beyond collective bargaining to improve education.”

Shanker defined a professional teacher as: “someone who receives a liberal arts education, then specialized training, and then must pass a rigorous exam before beginning to practice. She participates in an internship, is guided by mentors, and participates in reviewing the performance of colleagues. [A] reciprocal set of rights—greater autonomy and higher compensation—comes once these professional responsibilities are met.”

Based on this notion of a “new professionalism,” Shanker pushed for Peer Assistance and Review or PAR. It was started in Toledo over 25 years ago. In PAR, the local teacher’s union and administrators jointly manage a program to improve teacher quality by having expert teachers mentor and evaluate (my emphasis added) their peers.

PAR has been shown to help beginning teachers succeed and increase retention; it helps ineffective teachers improve or to dismiss them without undue delay and cost. PAR can build a stronger teaching force and help to promote a culture focusing on sound teaching practices.

I am currently working with our association and talking to our district administrators to look at implementing PAR. The hang-up, and the reason I added emphasis to evaluate, is that current law does not allow a teacher to evaluate a colleague — this can only be done by an administrator.

This is an example of dated legislation that needs to be re-evaluated if we are to make some headway towards education reform. Hopefully, we have some legislators willing to take this on.

Popularity: 13% [?]

Bill Maher’s rant on the teacher blame-game

Wednesday, March 17th, 2010

The talk-show host’s take on the firing of teachers at a low-performing Rhode Island school has gone viral:

It’s also drawn a response from singer John Legend, who defended President Obama’s education policies in a piece he penned for The Daily Beast headlined Bill Maher, You’re Wrong on Education.

A hat tip to Alexander Russo at This Week in Education for drawing our attention to this exchange.

Popularity: 13% [?]

Name some great movies about kids, schools

Friday, March 5th, 2010

I’ve been trying to catch up on all the good movies being considered or that should be considered for Sunday’s Oscars.  I finally saw “Where the Wild Things Are” last night. I was blown away.

I’m a bit dumbfounded that a film with such beautiful imagery, wonderful acting and such a rich interpretation of a great kid’s book would be snubbed by the Academy.  It’s one of those very rare films that get inside a young boy’s head.  Spike Jonze takes you on an engaging journey that explores the beauty, joys and struggles of growing up.  It’s a quest that reminds us of our humanity and the complexity of a child’s emotional life.

My favorite kids/education movie from last year was “Entre Les Murs” (“The Class”).  It was nominated by the Academy but did not win.  If you haven’t seen it, the film is one of the best descriptions of teaching in urban secondary school.  I’d recommend it for any would-be or current teacher.

So what great movies about kids or education come to mind for the rest of you? I’m always looking for a new one to add to my Netflix’s queue.

Popularity: 25% [?]

Waiting for action

Monday, February 1st, 2010

The education reform community finally has an award winning documentary with a powerful message.  “Waiting for Superman” won the Audience Choice Award last week at the Sundance Film Festival.  It will be fascinating to see how it plays with the same audience that loved Davis Guggenheim’s last doc, “An Inconvenient Truth.”

I wonder if liberals will heap praise for it given the content and whether conservatives will embrace it given its bona fide liberal director.

I can’t wait to see it.

Popularity: 13% [?]

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