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Archive for the ‘School funding and finance’ Category

We can’t win

Thursday, August 26th, 2010

Colorado can’t win; that is lesson of the Race to the Top (R2T) competition.  Actually the lesson is that states that can’t enforce compliance by schools are not going to win in national competitions. This means Western states where local control means something very different than in does east of the Mississippi will always be left out.  (Hawaii is a singular case with a single statewide school district).

At the same time, Colorado districts have proved they can innovate with the best of them.  Two Colorado districts (DPS and St. Vrain) won in the much more competitive Investment in Innovation (I3) competition where there were 49 winners out of over 1,600 applications.

It is not that Colorado lacks the ideas or the innovators at the state level, but when we can’t draw that straight line of authority from the Colorado Department of Education to classrooms, we won’t win…at least as long as the current top-down perspective on how education systems work prevails among education thinkers and leaders.

The problem is not just that the bureaucrats at the Department of Ed don’t get the West; the reviewers don’t get it either. The scores for both of our R2T applications showed wide variation among reviewers.  This means Colorado’s tight-accountability, loose-compliance model is understood and supported by only some in the corps of evaluators. A significant number of education thinkers and leaders believe that top-down command and control is the way for states to get things done in school systems, regardless of how far that drifts from reality.

Colorado and the rest of the West will never win unless we can make the case that the tight-accountability, loose-compliance model can support innovation and improve student outcomes.  This should not be a hard case to make.

The success of Colorado districts in the I3 competitions as well as the innovations from our charter school sector clearly show the benefit of being firm on outcomes but loose on means. The fact that the U.S. Department of Education continues to support charter schools while also pushing top-down models suggests there is (or at least should be) a debate in their own hallways on valid theories of action at the district and state level.

So what do we do next?  There is plenty of work for everyone.

For our Washington representatives (that means you Sen. Bennet and DPS alum now Senior Advisor in the Department of Education Brad Jupp), repeat every day: “Local control is different in the West” and “Students are well served when schools and districts are allowed to innovate.”  Equally important, if the reauthorization of NCLB moves towards more competitive grants, do not set up Colorado to compete with other states. Focus the competition between districts and schools, where we can win.

The research and journalism community must get better about explaining how local control looks in the West and that it is not a bad thing for kids.  We all know that the words “local control” often are used to stall reform.  But researchers need to highlight our successes throughout the state and show that with accountability for outcomes local control also can lead to innovation, creativity, and better outcomes for kids.

The foundation community should continue to support Colorado reform AND support those researchers, journalists and bloggers who can make the case to the nation that we are different from the East Coast and that our students are better off for it.

Finally, the education community must demonstrate that we can raise student achievement and close the achievement gap in Colorado. Our reform plate is full with new standards, teacher evaluation systems, and approaches toward low-performing schools.  If we try to do too many things without enough resources, we are guaranteed to fail. We should slow down on teacher evaluation systems and focus on getting classroom fundamentals right by ensuring that teachers are implementing curricula that are aligned with our new standards.

AND we all should remember the core lesson from this: Stop trying to compete with other states. We can’t win.

Popularity: 30% [?]

Screw the Feds! Onward to reform!

Tuesday, August 24th, 2010

So we did not get the Race to the Top funds. Many are asking now what?–as if our future rested on securing these funds. What has been the reaction in the trenches to the bad news? Cue the crickets. School is in full swing, teachers are dealing with new students and curriculum, and many schools are dealing with massive layoffs.

It is disappointing to see some leaders revel in the bad news by making dubious claims that SB 191 was supposed to make the state a shoe-in for the funds. This is disappointing because they miss the point of SB 191. It wasn’t about securing our chances. It was about reforming how we evaluate teachers.

Yes, the funds would have assisted in implementation of the new evaluation system. So I say screw the Feds (no I am not now writing for the Independence Institute!). It is time for our state legislators to raise revenues to pay for reforms that are necessary to improve student achievement. We also need to defeat the draconian 60 and 61 amendments and proposal 101 that would make the loss of the Race funds look like losing change in the cushions of your couch. Let’s not dwell on what might have been. Let’s not lose our focus!

Popularity: 17% [?]

What next for Colorado?

Tuesday, August 24th, 2010

After a rollercoaster ride through education reform in the past year, Colorado learned today that we failed to get Race to the Top funding in the second round. Only two states won funding in the first round, so we could tell ourselves that the first round bar was too high and not feel too shocked about it. But the second round was widely viewed as the consolation prize around here, designed to reward states just like us who had taken politically difficult steps to change the way we “do” education. No one thought we wouldn’t win this time.

So here we are, with grand, hard-won visions, no money to implement them, and bruised egos all around. What do we do now?

Let me suggest what we should NOT do now:

  • Look to place blame on any one person, organization, or set of beliefs. I know many of you from working on education policy in Colorado, and I know that you are working actively to benefit education in Colorado in the best way you know how. We may have different theories of change or preferred strategies, but we would be doing Colorado children a real disservice if we decided to use this disappointing outcome as a political opportunity to drive further wedges among us. We experienced some intriguing moments of working together in crafting our Race to the Top applications – let’s remember that in moving forward.
  • Ram through tough reforms without taking into account the current lack of money to do them well. Reformers will not advance the cause if we do not acknowledge the work involved in true change, and the resources needed to do that work well. Reforms that are implemented poorly become discredited reforms.
  • Use the lack of money as an excuse for maintaining the status quo. Change will certainly be harder, but it remains the right thing to do – we just need to figure out how.

Without seeing individual scores, it’s hard to know what sank our application. My guess is that we’ll find out that our local control system of education governance led to uncertainties about our capacity as a state to get the job done. We’re used to working in that context, but reviewers may have been uncomfortable with it.

So what should we do next?

  • Focus on the collective vision articulated in the Race to the Top applications and put the rest behind us. For all the difficulties and disappointments, Race to the Top really did prod us to come together and articulate what we want for education in Colorado – a valuable result that should not be discarded.
  • Identify what we can do within the current system and get to work.
  • Develop a funding plan for our other objectives that involves both private and public contributions.
  • Continue the difficult conversations we are having around issues like teacher and principal evaluation in a spirit of trust and respect, acting as if we honor others’ commitment to education even when we may disagree about the particulars.

At the risk of sounding like a Pollyanna, we have too much talent and commitment in this state to let this stop us. Let’s keep moving forward.

Popularity: 16% [?]

Wuz we robbed?

Tuesday, August 24th, 2010

Peer-reviewed, discretionary federal grants, like Race to the Top, are indeed, um,  discretionary.  It will be interesting to see more information about why Colorado “lost” to states like Hawaii (which furloughed students and teachers on Fridays for the past year), Ohio, Maryland, and some others that were not perceived as national reformers (other winners, like Florida, were heavy favorites in any event).

If you think these decisions are mainly political, Colorado should have been a winner, with Senator Bennet in an important political race, a Democratic incumbent governor, and with DPS well-regarded by the Gates Foundation, which has lots of ties with US ED staff.

If you are less cynical, and view these decisions as mostly merit-based, the combination of CAP4K, Colorado’s growth model, local teacher compensation reforms like Procomp, all sealed with the “tough” new teacher evaluation bill, again Colorado should have been a winner.

And, Colorado did try hard to play this game well.   The approach in round 1 included a public participation process that was wider in scope than in any other state, and a clear alliance with the teachers unions, to demonstrate implementation “buy-in.”   When the teacher evaluation process was scored as weak, for round 2 Colorado produced important new legislation, in a tough political fight, that was meant to address that weakness.  Since that fight alienated the union support, it will be ironic indeed if lack of union buy-in is cited as a fatal flaw in the round 2 negative decision.

In any case, this leaves Colorado without the federal financial support that would have been used to jump-start the implementation of several of these reforms.  Given the state and district budget cutbacks already backed into this current fiscal year, and the larger ones looming in fiscal 2011-12, it will be a real challenge to finance these reform efforts.

Who has got some “gifts, grants, and private donations” ?

Popularity: 15% [?]

A view from the ground of the “bailout”

Tuesday, August 17th, 2010

Fellow blogger Ben DeGrow wrote an op-ed piece on August 17th in the Denver Post regarding the education jobs bailout recently passed by Congress. DeGrow argues that the bailout is “excessive, short-sided, and fiscally irresponsible.”

Justification for this statement is based on at least two premises: funding for education was/is out of control, and the claims of how many teacher jobs were lost were not accurate.

DeGrow argues that the estimate of job losses was grossly overestimated. He’s right. The reason for the over-estimation was because schools made decisions to save as many teacher jobs as possible, at the expense of support staff. Ben addresses this, but misses the point when it comes to the impact that this will have on schools.

Take the high school where I teach for example.

We reduced our deans by 50 percent, reduced campus security by 50 percent, and reduced support staff to those areas by 20 percent. This means a reduction in prevention, limited access by parents to deans (they now need an appointment), and an increase in teachers to supervise hallways, lunchrooms, and to communicate with parents for “smaller” discipline infractions.

We reduced our counseling department by 20 percent (we have four counselors for over 2,000 students). The entire department has been reorganized. Students will no longer be assigned to counselors for four years by alpha. Instead, counselors will be responsible for various resources and students will need to see those specific counselors for assistance. There will be one counselor available, every period, for students who have walk-in needs. Parents need to preset appointments to see counselors—no more drop-ins.

Our main office clerical staff was reduced by 25 percent. Custodial staff was reduced by 33 percent. Janitors will no longer clean rooms on a daily basis. They might get to them twice a week. Library resources were reduced by 33 percent. This will impact teacher and student support and the hours of operation for the library.

And finally, and to my response to DeGrow about loss of teacher jobs, we reduced our teaching staff by 3 percent. Yes, not as many teachers lost their jobs. But I think it is obvious as to the cost that the school has paid to protect as many teacher positions as possible.

DeGrow argues that over the past few decades teaching staffs have increased at a higher rate than did student enrollment. No argument here on that point. But the question has to be why? DeGrow argues, among other points, that this was due to a jobs grab by unions. But what he fails to mention is that over the past two decades the purpose of schooling changed. We no longer rank and sort students based on a curve. We expect and instruct all students to be successful. This shift takes resources that were not needed decades ago.

Finally, because of the economy, many of our community’s families are struggling. Research shows us that financial hard times impact schools negatively. Schools are looked upon for social services. Students come to school less prepared because of the severe economic downturn. Because of this schools need more resources, including teachers, to help students who come to school less prepared.

I think this justifies a “bailout.”

Popularity: 10% [?]

NYT wallops DPS pension deal

Thursday, August 5th, 2010

The New York Times has a major story about the Denver Public Schools pension refinance deal featured prominently on its website tonight. It will probably be on the front page of the print edition tomorrow.

Written by Gretchen Morgenson, assistant business and financial editor and a prominent columnist, the story paints a bleak picture of DPS’ financial condition and is at least implicitly critical of U.S. Sen. Michael Bennet and his successor as superintendent, Tom Boasberg, who was chief operating officer when the deal went down.

This is so far outside my area of expertise that I feel unqualified to comment on its accuracy or lack thereof. The story quotes John MacPherson, former interim executive director of the Denver Public Schools Retirement System:

“Hindsight being 20-20, the pension certificates issuance is something that should never have happened.”

Well, yes. But who saw the collapse of ’08 coming? A few sagacious people who were shouted down by the multitudes. Morgenson paints Bennet, Boasberg and the school board as easy prey for bankers who touted the upside of the deal and pooh-poohed any potential downside.

The timing of the story isn’t great for Bennet, who is being pushed to the wall in a primary challenge by Andrew Romanoff. Boasberg is quoted in the story saying that critics of the deal are politically motivated. That may be true.

But given the credibility of the Times (unless you’re a Limbaugh/Fox News type), those critics have just seen their stock go way, way up.

Popularity: 34% [?]

Time for more productive Colorado schools

Wednesday, July 14th, 2010

Thanks to EdNews’ own Todd Engdahl for bringing my attention to an important new Center on Reinventing Public Education white paper by Paul Hill and Marguerite Roza: Curing Baumol’s Disease: In Search of Productivity Gains in K-12 Schooling” (PDF).

The big question: Can we overcome the tendency of public K-12 education to become a progressively more costly and less productive enterprise? And if so, how?

The implications:

More than a year into the fiscal crisis we know what we can expect if costs continue to rise and revenues remain constrained: hiring freezes, teacher layoffs, school day furloughs, and wage and benefit reductions. Together these actions work to erode the existing system with absolutely no upside for students.

The thesis: We can’t afford inaction. Despite the current budget crunch, education officials need to make the small sacrifice of investing in genuine research and development to find and test needed productivity gains that can be scaled throughout the system.

The plan: Hill and Roza present a basic, five-step action plan, which includes studying how other service sectors have overcome Baumol’s disease and testing how similar practices might apply to (and succeed in) K-12 education.

I agree with the authors’ thesis. We need to look to make more progress in the areas of information technology, deregulation, mission focus, labor innovations and genuine organizational change. Serious leadership is needed to help re-think carefully what we want our public schools to do and more efficient possibilities for how they might work. A growing body of evidence strongly suggests the possibility that Baumol’s disease can be overcome. Why not in K-12 education?

Nevertheless, I remain somewhat skeptical (though tempted, I resist using the word despair) that our local and state policy makers can find the incentive to pursue the research and development approach. Additional creativity also may be needed to add the incentive. Where the incentive comes from at this point, I don’t know.

Hill and Roza are highly qualified and experienced, and hardly anywhere near the ideological fringes. While the R & D approach they propose is truly bold (and downright adventurous and/or scary for some in the K-12 world), it is also very vital. Someone else will have to make a compelling case for how our schools can afford not to do this. In the meantime, I hope against hope that someone in Colorado will seize the moment and take the innovative lead in this approach.

Popularity: 15% [?]

Hope for the future of accountability and education reporting

Sunday, June 20th, 2010

The legislator did not take this high school journalist seriously. As a result, he looks like a hypocrite who doesn’t know the meaning of votes he cast. It’s almost enough to make you feel sorry for the guy. Almost. (Thanks to Gwen Florio for posting this on her Facebook page).

Popularity: 13% [?]

Debunking the education jobs bailout

Wednesday, June 16th, 2010

Summer may be the season for beating dead horses (not literally). If so, I’ll take the indulgence of bringing some extra attention to a thorough and commonsense debunking of the $23 billion education jobs bill by the Washington Post‘s Charles Lane. Thankfully, Congress appears to have retreated from adding one more profligate and ineffective bailout onto the backs of the American people and from further increasing our schools’ obligation to the federal treasury.

Even so, Lane takes valuable pains to do the math, to discredit bill proponents’ claims and to deflate the NEA scare tactics with facts and context:

…Notably, however, even these sources usually describe the threatened positions as “education jobs” – not teachers. That’s because the figures actually include not only kindergarten through 12th grade classroom instructors, but also support staff (bus drivers, custodians, et al.) and even community college faculty. And 300,000 is the upper end of a range that could be as low as 100,000. Nationwide, there are about 3.2 million K-12 public school teachers.

Moreover, springtime layoff notices are a notoriously unreliable guide to actual job cuts in the fall, because rules and regulations in many public school systems require administrators to notify every person who might conceivably be laid off — whether they actually expect to fire them or not….

And so it goes. Certainly worth a full read. (Mike Antonucci of the Education Intelligence Agency capably did similar work a week ago. Bottom line? Even the scarcely believable worst-case scenarios only would send our nation’s class sizes back to the dreadful dark ages of 1996 or 1997.) Piling on, Alexander Russo reminds us with a helpful graphic of the other options school districts are pursuing to tighten their belts apart from teacher (and other education employee) layoffs.

Finally, Robert Enlow makes a terrific point in a May 25 USA Today op-ed: If the feds are determined to travel the route of wild spending, misguided “stimulus” and generational debt, the least they could do is attach the money to needy students in the form of vouchers. Still, I much prefer the message: No more bailouts, please. Let’s find a smarter way to deal with the short-term shortages while building long-term reforms. Sharing in a little of the pain now beats the alternative we all face.

Popularity: 12% [?]

Emotionally powerful film “The Lottery” delivers

Wednesday, June 9th, 2010

Last night I was privileged to attend the Colorado premiere of The Lottery at the Harkins Theatre in Northfield. Like nearly all in the genre, it’s a movie with a point of view: Massive reform involving greater parental choice and alternative school models is desperately needed to provide children with greater opportunities – especially young people of color and in poverty.

Set in Harlem and featuring four families trying to get their students into one of Eva Moskowitz’s Harlem Success Academy charter schools, the themes evoked by the film and its central character nevertheless reflect broader concerns in American urban education. And, in many cases, it struck more universal chords of parental determination to obtain the best education for their children. A similar film easily could have been made with Hispanic parents trying to enroll their students in West Denver Prep, for example.

The movie is excellent, but that doesn’t make it easy to watch. Getting a close-up view of the respective families’ challenges and aspirations, combined with some deep-seated political tensions, is heart-wrenching – even more so personally as the father of two small children. Without providing any spoilers, all I can say is you’ll find the ending all too realistic and less than completely satisfying.

While it’s the children and their parents who are the most compelling stars of The Lottery, New York reform leaders Moskowitz and Geoffrey Canada, along with Newark Mayor Cory Booker, fill in the gaps to make the larger case for reform. Former New York City Public Advocate Betsy Gotbaum does a workable job as the foil, but many of her arguments against charter school expansion and defending union prerogatives ring as hollow as the shrinking political opposition to school choice throughout the nation.

After the movie aired, an all-star panel featuring Lt. Gov. Barbara O’Brien, outgoing House Speaker Terrance Carroll, DPS Board President Nate Easley and Denver School of Science and Technology CEO Bill Kurtz tackled some provocative questions from moderator Van Schoales. Many of the panelist comments helped to provoke some deeper thinking about education reform and to reinforce the movie’s call to action. Nevertheless, I did have a couple objections:

1. Yes, teachers unions aren’t the sole obstacle to meaningful reform, but it’s impossible to deny the major role they play – as evidenced by the United Federation of Teachers at PS 194 in the film. I listened astutely but heard none of the panelists as much as mention the word union during the post-film discussion. I’d like to think it was more an oversight than a lack of the kind of moral courage impressed upon viewers by the makers of the film.

2. We should have a discussion about whether more resources are needed to deliver a top-notch K-12 education, and what that should look like. But a couple of the panelists misstated (perhaps inadvertently) some facts about Colorado education spending. School Finance Act per-pupil revenue for 2009-10 is $7,241 (not $6,000) – and this money doesn’t include categorical spending, mill levy overrides, and a host of federal program spending (Colorado’s current per-pupil spending is closer to $9,000, and total per-pupil spending is north of $11,000). Also, it was asserted that Colorado ranks 49th in K-12 funding. Simply not the case.

Nevertheless, I had a great time and highly recommend the film. If you missed the premiere of The Lottery, don’t delay to find a theater near you. There’s no sitting back and waiting for change to come, not any more.

Other insightful reviews by:

Popularity: 35% [?]

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