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Archive for the ‘Reform’ Category

Kansas City’s second act

Thursday, March 11th, 2010

The budget rumbles begin, but the story in KC has a lot more context.  To start, from the Wall Street Journal (or try the NYT):

The Kansas City Missouri School Board voted Wednesday night to shutter nearly half of its schools in an effort to avoid going broke. The action closes 28 of 58 campuses and eliminates about 700 of the district’s 3,300 jobs, including 285 teachers. [...] The Kansas City School District, which serves 18,000 students, was twice as large a decade ago. That decrease has led to cuts in state funding. The district now runs a $12 million monthly deficit and expects to run out of money by 2011. [...] Less than one third of elementary school students are reading at or above grade level. In nearly three quarters of the schools only one quarter of the students are characterized as “proficient,” according to the district.

If you are closing 48% of the schools while eliminating only 21% of the jobs, you are either closing schools that are close to empty, or your plan is probably doomed, or more likely both. The origin of this fiscal collapse is the long steady decline in the academic quality of KC public schools, where two-thirds of all elementary school students are already behind at least one grade level.  How did we get here?

Kansas City is best known among educators as the location of one of the great failures in education reform in the history of recorded time, where over $2 billion (and $2B bought a lot more 25 years ago) failed to make a dent in an underperforming system.

In 1985 a federal district judge took partial control over the troubled Kansas City, Missouri, School District (KCMSD) on the grounds that it was an unconstitutionally segregated district with dilapidated facilities and students who performed poorly. In an effort to bring the district into compliance with his liberal interpretation of federal law, the judge ordered the state and district to spend nearly $2 billion over the next 12 years to build new schools, integrate classrooms, and bring student test scores up to national norms.

It didn’t work. When the judge, in March 1997, finally agreed to let the state stop making desegregation payments to the district after 1999, there was little to show for all the money spent. Although the students enjoyed perhaps the best school facilities in the country, the percentage of black students in the largely black district had continued to increase, black students’ achievement hadn’t improved at all, and the black-white achievement gap was unchanged. (article here)

Money can’t buy you love, and it can’t buy a District high-quality schools.  As the impact of declining budgets starts to creep across Colorado, while dissident voices cry out for educational systems and regulations where quality is a secondary concern, it’s worth noting that high-quality schools do more to protect a District’s financial position than anything else. And if quality goes, it takes a whole lot down with it.

When budgets falter, most interest groups usually try to protect their pet projects or personal interests.  This often hastens the decline.  Quality first.

Popularity: 9% [?]

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Systemic change vs. atomization

Wednesday, March 10th, 2010

I have not thrown in the towel on systemic change for our schools. I continue to worry that the atomization of schools—charters, magnet schools—brings about pockets of excellence in urban school districts opposed to improvement in larger numbers.

Michael Fullan has written extensively on his education reform work with the Province of Ontario in Canada and other large districts in the United States and England. He has a new book “Motion Leadership: the Skinny on Becoming Change Savvy.” It is a quick read (78 pages) and it is a nice companion to some of his other books.

Popularity: 11% [?]

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An intriguing courtship

Friday, March 5th, 2010


Parents at the Cole Arts and Sciences Academy, a neighborhood school in northeast Denver, have dropped to a collective knee and proposed marriage to the high-performing Denver School of Science and Technology. Parents Friday formally asked DSST to open its third campus, grades 6-12, in the imposing Cole building in the fall of 2011. This would allow students in the under-served neighborhood to enroll in pre-kindergarten and stay in the same school through high school.

Although others — most recently Montbello High School — have discussed the idea of an in-school feeder pattern, this may be the first time in Denver that such a marriage has been formally put forward. And marrying a chatter school to a neighborhood public school would be the best kind of mixed marriage.

Parents and school officials say that this move is an organic one, growing out of parental desire to see better options for their children. Bill Kurtz, the CEO of DSST public schools, told me that “near northeast Denver wasn’t on our radar” until Cole parents approached him recently.

If this is, as it appears, an authentic parent initiative, it will be interesting to see how the anti-charter forces on the Denver school board will frame their opposition. Or might they decide that this represents the community involvement they’ve been advocating for, and vote in favor of this plan?

Something tells me there will be opposition on the board — but not enough to stop this intriguing partnership.

Popularity: 38% [?]

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Watch this Ravitch EdWeek interview

Friday, March 5th, 2010

As I wrote earlier this week, Diane Ravitch’s new book will become a new flashpoint for the education reform debate. For those of you disinclined to buy a hardback book, try this 3-plus minute interview instead:

In New Book, Diane Ravitch Recants Long-Held Beliefs from Education Week on Vimeo.

Popularity: 7% [?]

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Handicapping Race to the Top

Saturday, February 27th, 2010

This analysis suggests Colorado has reason to hope.

Popularity: 21% [?]

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The disease of direct placement

Wednesday, February 17th, 2010

Tomorrow, the Denver Board of Education will hear public comment on and discuss Superintendent Boasberg’s proposal to limit forced direct placement for Title I schools.  While I continue to believe this policy — which turns a free-form dance into musical chairs — is a good first step, it does little to address the root cause.

Data on DPS direct placements is fascinating: the disparity for Title I schools — which house a higher proportion of students in poverty — is well documented.  Less well known is how specific grades are affected: if you looks over the past three years, each DPS traditional middle school averages 6 direct placement teachers, compared to high schools (4), K-8 (3) and elementary programs (2).  That seems a tough burden to continue to sap DPS’s struggling middle-school sector. Also little known is who does not take DP teachers: both Charter and Innovation Schools.  That the proponents of education reform both outside and within the DPS establishment both believe it is a bad idea is as clear a signal as I can imagine.

Aside from the specific DPS proposal — which does not even forbid DP’s at Title I schools, it just tries to limit it — is the greater context of forced direct placement.  For this practice is a disease, and while Denver is not as sick as other cities, it would be an error not to understand the full extent of the illness.

Read, for example, this LA Weekly article titled “LAUSD’s Dance of the Lemons.”  What is fascinating here, apart from the sheer injustice of the practice, is that among LA’s public employees, the inability to terminate poor performers is unique to the school system:

Just a few blocks from LAUSD’s skyscraper headquarters, Los Angeles City Hall’s approach to firing public employees provides a stark contrast to protections enjoyed by teachers, also public employees. Despite civil-service protections, City Hall fires from its 48,000-plus workforce of garbage, parks, street-services, engineering, utilities and other employees more than 80 tenured workers annually. During the past decade, in which LAUSD fired four failing teachers, 800 to 1,000 underperforming civil service–protected workers were fired at City Hall. City Personnel Department General Manager Margaret Whelan says nobody is paid to leave. She was dumbfounded that LAUSD is paying to dislodge teachers, saying, “That’s ridiculous. I can’t believe that. Golly, it makes no sense. Some are not even mediocre, they’re horrible.”

Also worth reading is the New Yorker essay — generally recognized as one of the best long-form pieces of journalism last year — on New York City’s rubber rooms.

Lastly an Op-Ed from NYC Chancellor Joel Klein — who found that prosecuting Microsoft for monopoly practices was a cakewalk compared with trying to fire NY teachers with a history of poor performance.

Denver is not LA or NYC (thank goodness).  The problem of forced direct placement here is — like the city itself – smaller and more manageable.  However just because the harm is on a lesser scale is not a reason for inaction.  At least one member of the board has already dismissed Boasberg’s proposal as a PR stunt.  But until Denver and other cities do away with forced placement altogether and move to a system of mutual consent, the disease of direct placement will continue to claim as its primary victims the one group that has no say in the practice and does not participate in the debate: children.

Popularity: 30% [?]

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Let’s hear from Diane Ravitch [Updated]

Wednesday, February 17th, 2010

Memo to my friends in the Denver foundation world: As you ponder speakers to bring here in the coming months, please consider Diane Ravitch. She is a fascinating study in evolving policy positions. Great minds think alike. Diane Ravitch will be speaking in Denver in April. She will be well worth hearing.

Ravitch is almost impossible to peg politically or ideologically. She is a well-known critic of multicultural education. She served n the administrations of both George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton. These days, she is a fierce critic of the overuse of standardized testing and the rapid growth of charter schools. See, for instance, this recent EdWeek blog post.

Having Ravitch speak here would ruffle some feathers, I’m sure. She gores many oxes, including mine. But I admire and appreciate people whose positions evolve, and who are willing to take on ideologues from both ends of the political spectrum.

Popularity: 9% [?]

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Right, left and wrong

Thursday, February 11th, 2010

The “left” has it right about TABOR but gets it wrong about funding the status quo while the “right” has it right about teachers but also gets it wrong about progress on education reform.

If only we could cut through the tired political frames and get to what works or at least has a chance at working for kids.

Popularity: 9% [?]

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It’s time to face the fiscal tidal wave

Thursday, February 11th, 2010

I’ve been gone from these pages for awhile, but return a voice crying in the wilderness. Not exactly as a prophet of doom (I don’t have the long gray beard or ragged robes for the part), but I do wish to make a point emphatically in hopes that citizens, officials and policy makers will lift up their heads and take action before the very real threat of a fiscal tidal wave arrives.

Jeremy Meyer’s story in the Denver Post today contains the unpleasant news of the budget cuts faced by many Colorado school districts. No one will deny the difficult and painful decisions that must follow. All our hopes are for cuts that minimize the impact on classrooms and student learning.

But I am now confident more than ever that it is imperative for school districts and state lawmakers to seize the moment and fundamentally redesign systems for efficiency. Houston superintendent Terry Grier’s controversial call to stop funding master’s “bumps” is a modest but important step that demonstrates just how difficult this process will be.

For those who have dedicated themselves to the work of public education for years or even decades, stepping back to look at the big picture may not be easy to do. But it must be done. A tepid approach today exacerbates tomorrow’s pain and likely worsens future consequences.

Last month the Fordham Foundation and American Enterprise Institute co-sponsored an event titled “A Penny Saved: How Schools and Districts Can Tighten Their Belts While Serving Students Better” (our own Commissioner Dwight Jones was a panelist). The greatest value of the event is the repository of serious and scholarly analyses on effective ideas to save money. There simply isn’t space here for me to rehash them all. Please check them out.

Most important among the published analyses, and first on the list, is James Guthrie and Arthur Peng’s well-researched examination of the big picture “A Warning for All Who Would Listen: America’s Public Schools Face a Forthcoming Fiscal Tsunami” (Please note it’s a draft document, I look forward to the final product). Guthrie wastes no time getting to the point:

A 100-year era of perpetual per-pupil fiscal growth will soon slow or stop. The causes of this situation are far more fundamental than the current recession. Schools should start buckling their seat belts now.

This article has two major points. First, even when controlled for inflation, school spending has been increasing substantially for a century. Second, political and fiscal pressures will soon coincide to reverse this condition. Issues of productivity and performance will become paramount.

In other words, public school agencies have had it good for a long time, but tough times really are coming (we’re talking 2012 and beyond, after the recession). Judge for yourself whether Guthrie should be taken seriously. But he argues persuasively that changing demographics, the pension time bomb, massive shifts in dependency from local to federal revenue, a mounting national debt, and growing competition from political interests will combine to unseat K-12 from its privileged funding perch. Something has to give, my friends.

The public’s fascination with small class sizes, or at least the expectation that the fundamental classroom design will remain unchanged in perpetuity, is among the things to give. And we can expect the general amity between teachers unions, other education employee interest groups and the public at large to fade as well. Competition for a suddenly shrinking pie of resources will do that.

Colorado may be relatively blessed. While our state’s real growth in per pupil spending has been more modest than the nation as a whole (25 percent over the last 20 years or so vs. about 40 percent for the national average), it seems likely that any crash would hit Colorado with less force. Not to downplay the fiscal pain in real terms, but this case would be one in which it would be relatively better to have a low national ranking.

Still, some day before long private school vouchers or tax credits may win the day largely on the appeal of saving taxpayer money. Public schools are thankfully an institution that will be here to stay, but they almost certainly will look a lot different a generation from now. It is up to the courage and persistence of Colorado school officials to help determine how much of the re-shaping will be at their own hands and how much will be imposed on them by outside pressures too great to control.

I hope this conversation will continue, and spread far and wide. Pressing local and state political concerns of the moment are always hindrances, but we need clear-headed leadership with long-range vision now as much as ever. So why do I fear everyone will just go on his merry way?

Popularity: 18% [?]

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The wrath of Klein

Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010

I just hope Joe Klein never gets ticked off at me.

“When school children start paying union dues, that ’s when I’ll
start representing the interests of school children.” – Al Shanker

Popularity: 21% [?]

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